Intraseptal anesthesia in endodontic dentistry: safety and efficacy in type 2 diabetes mellitus

The use of local anesthesia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus requires special caution due to the risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions to vasoconstrictors and increased vulnerability of nerve fibers to ischemic damage. Intra-septal anesthesia (ISA) and periodontal ligament anesthesia (PLA) represent alternative techniques that allow achieving effective anesthesia with the use of minimal […]

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